Spatial and Temporal Analysis of the Mediterranean Trough

The Mediterranean trough is the main and important climatic factor affecting the climate of Iran during the cold season. In this work, a daily data analysis of 12 GMT was used during the period 1980 to 2010 and in the spatial range of 12.5 to 70 degrees east and 12.5 to 70 degrees north with a spatial resolution of 2.5 × 2.5 degrees. These data were obtained from the NCEP-NCER's US Environmental Data Site. This study was selected every year from October to March of the following year as a cold season. The main component analysis tool and T mode were used. The resulting matrix in the analysis of the main components has 576 rows representing the points and 186 columns representing the days of each year. The results of main component analysis showed that there were between 6 and 9 components each year. In this study, only the first component was selected was entered into the Arc Gis software. The results showed that the Mediterranean trough axis was driven 9 degrees westwards in the 30 years, and this magnitude increased from equator to pole, and it was found that changes in the Mediterranean trough occurred due to longitudinal, transverse, and high elevations.