Salt-Assisted Liquid-Liquid Extraction followed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography for Determination of Carvedilol in Human Plasma

A fast and simple method for extraction of carvedilol in human plasma samples based on salting out assisted liquid-liquid extraction (SALLE) is described. The method involving extraction of carvedilol with water-miscible organic solvent acetonitrile when solvent phase separation occurs using NaCl as a salt. The extracted phase was analyzed by high- performance liquid chromatography with ultra violet detection at 240 nm. The procedure has been optimized with respect to type and amount of salt, volume of sample, extraction solvent and the pH of solution. In the optimal condition the linear calibration range was 5-500 μg L-1 and the correlation coefficient was 0.9965. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 1.0 µg L-1 and 3.3 μg L-1, respectively and a relative standard deviation of 3.5 % for five replicates were obtained. In spiking experiments on real samples, the average recoveries found by the present method were between 96.0% and 105.0%.