Design and Synthesis of Cosecant-Squared Pattern in Microstrip Array Antenna using Genetic Algorithm Optimization

In this paper, the design, synthesis, and simulation of 12 linear arrays of microstrip antenna is considered with cosecant squared pattern in 9.8 GHz. The structure involves 3 layers: the feed network has 2 bottom layers and the top layer is the microstrip patch excited by a slot. One of the advantages is low cross-polarization (less than -50 dB) that is due to removing the radiation fields of the feed network. For synthesis of cosecant squared pattern, the genetic algorithm method is used while the mutual coupling is considered. In this method, the far fields of each array are applied to the optimization. Proportional to the amplitudes and calculated phases by genetic algorithm, the feed network is designed. The simulation results verify the accuracy of design and synthesis.