Jurisprudential review of reciprocity through the forbidden act

The nature of "reciprocity" rule is based on a similarity to counteracting aggressor, but this is faced by obstacles placing restrictions on a rightful person. One of the barriers is reciprocity from the prohibited act. The prohibitions which beyond their reciprocity sphere, by themselves and as the first title are forbidden acts (such as false accusation of sexual intercourse and sodomy), and as well as those which, as the secondary titles, are the prohibited actions (like permissible insult that is considered as impermissible because of humiliation of religion), shall govern this rule in the face of taking counteraction. These prohibitions don not give to the victims to commit the same prohibited acts in order to receive their rights. Nevertheless, the prohibitions which became lawful for the secondary titles, in the state of taking counteraction, are permitted such as murdering a respected person during a war because of necessity. Of course, in the meanwhile, some prohibitions such as fornication, insulting the relatives of the opponent and the breaking the bone are subjectively out of the counteraction, for in the first and second prohibitions, reciprocal action does not occur, and in the third one, protecting the equivalence is not possible. Where reciprocity is forbidden in cases, there are some alternative ways for receiving the right such as reciprocal lawful act, and applying had (determined penalty), ta`zir (discretionary punishment), diya (blood money) and arsh (indemnity for defect).