The Study of Relationship between Social Capital and Social Identity Among Citizens of Rasht

It is of great importance to study the relationship between social phenomena and concepts. One of the most important social concepts in recent century is the social identity. Social identity is the result of the interaction among human beings which is affected by many factors. Ties, formal and informal networks, norms and trusts among individuals and in general social capitals have a significant role in forming the social identity. The relationship between the dimensions of social capital and some types of social identity (ethnic, national, and religious) is the subject of this study by using Giddens’s views on social identities, Kelman and Putnam’s view on social capital..
This research was a quantitative approach using questionnaires among 381 citizens in Rasht which were chosen through multistage cluster sampling technique.
Findings: findings showed that among men, the average of ethnic and national identity and among women, in comparison to men, religious identity was higher. Between single and married people, later had a higher ratio of ethnic, national and religious identity. National identity for retired people was higher in comparison to soldiers, students and unemployed individuals. Religious identity for housewives is higher and among soldiers, unemployed people and students is lower.
It can be said that the dimensions of social capital have the greatest impact respectively on religious identity, ethnic identity and national identity and improve these identities. The relationship which Colman emphasized on it as well. Among the dimensions of social capital “trust” has the greatest impact. The lowest impact on different types of social identities is dedicated to official networks.