Estimating Depth Spreading Coefficient of Convergent Plane Surface Jet Flow Into Deep Ambient

In this study, the depth spreading coefficient in surface discharge of dense jet flow from convergent and inclined rectangular channels into deep and stagnant ambient have been investigated. Therefore, the experiments were done in the hydraulic laboratory of Shahid Chamran University on a flume with 3.2-meter length, 0.6-meter width and 0.9-meter depth. For purposes of this research, the jet flow was injected with three different flow rates and concentrations. Also, for surface discharge of the jet flow, a rectangular channel with floor width of 6 cm and four different convergence angles of 12.5, 25, 45 and 90 degrees was used. The discharge channel was installed in three slopes of 0, 4 and 8 percent in order to be the surface discharge of the jet fluid tangent to the ambient water surface. After conducting the tests, the data were analyzed using the routing process of the prepared images. Then, the coefficients of depth spreading were calculated and the results were extracted. The results showed that increasing the channel slope, reducing the convergence angle and increasing densimetric Froude number increased the depth spreading coefficient. Quantitatively, the results showed that change of channel slope from 0 to 8 percent caused an increase in the spreading coefficient up to 34 percent and the change of convergence angle from 90 to 12.5 degrees caused an increase up to 27 percent. Finally, a statistical relationship between spreading coefficient and the other relevant parameters was extracted that its root mean square error was obtained 0.024.