Identification and Study of the Optimal Characteristics of Curriculum Elements to Achieve Problem-Solving Skills in Social Studies Course in Primary School

The aim of this research was to identification and study of the optimal characteristics of curriculum elements to achieve problem-solving skills in social studies course in primary school. It was a descriptive and applied research. The population included books, articles and papers related to the research subject. Because of the large number of resources, print and electronic documents accessible to researchers, was used. In this study, taking notes was used to collect data. The data were analysed through the theme analysis. The findings are categorized and organized in the framework of the global theme, organizing theme and basic themes. Findings indicated that the curriculum included a global theme, 9 organizing themes and 46 basic themes: 1. Aims: intellectual development, training of process skills and emotional abilities, reinforcement of the basic learning skills, moral and good citizenship training, training of the ability to self-directed learning; 2. Content: being activity-based, being rational, being clear; 3. Materials and educational resources: the relationship with topic of learning, covering the learning subject, fit with the goals of the curriculum, fit with the characteristics, needs and interests of students; 4. Teaching-learning being interactive, being practical, being exploratory and investigative; 5. Learning activities: Relation to the objectives of the curriculum, training of high-level skills, encourage the learner to do group work; 6. Learning environment: observe the physical-space and emotional characteristics; 7. The role of the learner: being active, social and creative; 8. The role of teacher: guide, consultant and facilitator of learning; 9. Evaluation: being rational and evidence-based.