Explaining the Relationship between Soul and Body based on Islamic Sources (Emphasizing Mulla Sadra's View), Approaches and Psychological Analysis

This study was conducted with the aim of explaining the relationship between soul and body based on Islamic sources, with an emphasis on Mulla Sadra's view and a psychological analysis. To this end, the sources of psychology and Islam, especially the views of Mulla Sadra, were referred to. Findings were analyzed using the descriptive-analytical method. The results showed that there is a causal relationship between soul and body; however, changes in body, by virtue of causation, merely alter the coherent system of body, and mental changes are caused by the nature of soul’s belonging to body, not the self-transformation of body. There are two types of relationship: 1. causal relationship in which causation is from soul to body; 2. relation in the form of correlation and solidarity that is directed from body to soul. Therefore, based on Islamic sources, especially Mulla Sadra’s views, the relationship between soul and body is not interactive; rather, it is a causal relationship directed from soul to body and a relationship based on solidarity directed from body to soul.