The effect of probiotics on the aquatic animals

Probiotics are usually living organisms causing health improvement in the host when they are prescribed enough. Nowadays, probiotics are also changed into an inseparable part of the aquaculture for high production. The probiotics which are usually used in aquaculture include Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, Entrococcus, Carnobacterium, Bacillus, Aeromonas, Vibrio, Entrobacter, Pseudomonas, Clostridium and Saccharomyces species. Though probiotics are used as dietary supplements, adding probiotics to water directly as additives also cause health and improvement of the environment. In aquatic animals, probiotics are used as different forms such as bathing, suspension and food. However, diet supplementation using probiotics as additives is the best method for success in colony-building and stability (resistance) in intestine. According to the performed researches on the probiotics all over the world a suitable probiotic must be under the stable long-term maintenance conditions , have reproduction capability , have Acidity tolerance of the digestive system and bile salts, have the production of antimicrobial materials against pathogenic factors (producing acid, hydrogen peroxide, and antipathogenicbacteriocins) , have the competition capacity in order to get the vital nutrients, have instigation capacity of the most immunity system, be safe, non-aggressive, non-carcinogenic and non-pathogenic, have growth motive and also races should have the production capacity of vitamins including biotin and B12 and the probiotic usage method should be easy.