Mechanisms of developement and metastasis of malignant melanoma

Cancer is a genetic condition. Some cancers are inherited, but most are caused by mutations in somatic cells. The cause of these mutations is inherent error in the transcription of DNA or exposure to carcinogens. Malignant melanoma is the most serious type of skin cancer which develops from pigment-containing cells known as melanocytes. The most potent risk factors for melanoma is the presence of multiple benign moles or abnormal spots, and family history of melanoma. Metastasis is a complex multi-stage process that results in development of secondary malignant growths and the spread of cancer cells to other areas of the body leading to patient’s death. Melanoma metastases are mainly to the lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and central nervous system. The aim of this article is to review the mechanisms of development and metastasis of melanoma by searching database such as SID, Google Scholar, American Electronic Library,Springer and PubMed.