Disabled Persons’ Rights in Sunnite and Shiite Islamic Jurisprudence

Although the foundation of laws in Islamic denominations is based on the Quran and Sunnah, but from one side, the methods based on principles, interpretation and inference from the Quran and traditions are different among religions, and on the other side differences in jurisprudential sources leads to differences between laws and fatwas in some subjects among the Islamic denominations. Also, regarding the historical background and precedence of non-Shiite denominations in governance, a question can be raised here: what was the approach of scholars of non-Shiite denominations in the history considering the rights of disabled people?This article has been written based on analytical-descriptive method in order to investigate the rights of the disabled persons in historical and jurisprudential sources of different Islamic denominations, and it tries to review Sunnite governors’ historical background, and Sunnite and Shiite jurisprudential sources in order to find an appropriate answer to this question: what are the approaches of different Islamic denominations to the rights of disabled persons? The research proved that, from the jurisprudential perspective of all Islamic denominations, disabled persons have specific rights in all human aspects. Dealing with these rights is partly considered as the responsibility of government and it is partly considered as the responsibility of the society; during the history and for governments in the history of early Islam, these rights have been considered and performed. Therefore, it is now a religious duty for the Islamic governments to grant the rights of disabled persons. In the present study, the issue of making appropriate environments for the disabled persons has been dealt with as a rational and legal right for the disable persons.