Numerical and Analytical Investigation of Thermal Dispersion Effects on the Heat Transfer of Nanofluid flow inside a Channel

In the present study the heat transfer of nanofluid flow inside a channel with different arrangements of nanoparticles injection (dispersive elements) is investigated. In the heat transfer phenomena, nanoparticles presence in the fluid flow is known as one of the most important factor for the thermal dispersion. In this work, the distribution of dispersive elements or nanoparticles in the channel is considered to be uniformly distributed in the central region and near the walls. The validation of results is verified by the analytical solution for a simple state of the problem and also by comparison with previous published papers. The presence of the nanoparticels in the center region, increase the Nusselt number and heat transfer characteristics with an ascending form. For the boundary arrangement, increasing the thickness of injected nanoparticles lead to an ascending-descending behavior for Nusselt number. Therefore in this distribution, the optimum thickness for dispersive elements is obtained. Also it can be seen that the presence of the nanoparticels with parabolic distribution increase the Nusselt number with a univocal form. For the exponential arrangement, especially for large values of dispersive coefficient, increasing the Nusselt number has a nonlinear behavior that is the most important distinction of these two distribution functions.