Hydrograph and Sedimentograph Changes of Small Experimental Plots by Application of Biochar Treatment in Different Soil Moistures

Due to the time variation of sediment concentration and runoff volume during storms, and on the other hand, the lack of control and study of storms in field conditions for analyzing hydrographs and sediment graphs changes in different soil moistures, the investigation of these variables has special importance in laboratory conditions. Also, the results showed that the use of soil conditioners in laboratory conditions in order to determine their effect has not been considered for preparing hydrograph and sedimentograph. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of biochar derived from sewage sludge with rates of 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 t ha-1 proportional with cover level of 25, 50 and 75 percent on hydrograph and sedimentograph in different soil moistures including air-dried, 15, 20 and 30 percent, with rainfall intensity of 50 mm h-1 and rainfall duration of 10 min after time to runoff in laboratory conditions. The results showed that the biochar conditioner with various rates toward control treatments had significant effect on hydrograph and sedimentograph changes. Also, the biochar treatment with rate of 1.6 t ha-1 in different soil moistures has significantly more effective toward on hydrograph and sedimentograph changes. The results also showed that the correlation coefficient between biochar amounts with time to runoff, runoff coefficient, and soil loss and sediment concentration variables was significant in confidence level of 99 percent.