Preparation and evaluation of physical and cellular activity properties of poly (L-lactic acid)/ heparinized multiwall carbon nanotube nanocomposite films for application in nerve regeneration

The objective of this study was to prepare crystalline poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposite films using solvent vaporization method, for nerve regeneration applications. Ultrasonic energy and heparinization of MWCNTs were used in order to effective dispersion of the carbon nanotube in the PLLA matrix. The effect of fundamental system parameters including carbon nanotube types and concentrations on morphology of the films was studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was carried out for characterization of nanotubes’ dispersion in PLLA. Contact angle and zeta potential measurements were used to investigate the hydrophilicity and negative surface charge of the films. In vitro studies were also conducted by using murine P19 cell line as a suitable model system to analyze neuronal differentiation over a 2-week period. SEM and immunofluorescence staining were used to confirm the cells attachment and differentiation on the films. Obtained results indicate that films containing heparinized multiwall carbon nanotubes (HMWCNTs) were quite acceptable for nerve regeneration and enhanced the nerve cell differentiation and proliferation.