The effect of the morphometric factors on the peak flow using the Structural Equation Techniques (PLS) in the Southern Watersheds, Iran

The purpose of this study is the effects of the morphometric factors on peak discharge in 108 hydrometric stations in the southern watersheds, Iran. After homogeneous tests and random data, a time period (from 1983-1984 to 2013-2014 was chosen and used to choose the best probability distribution function. Overall, the 84 morphometric and geometric parameters were calculated in ARC GIS software. In this research, the structural equation modeling with the least approach in smart – PLS software was used to check the most effective factors on the annual maximum discharge. 18 variables were identified as effective factors on the maximum discharge. between more than 84 structures, the effect of the focus time structures, positive height ratio, miller slenderness ratio structures ,the main river- slope characteristics , elevation number and the main river-slope height properties are negative than can predict overall the %46 of the annual maximum discharge changes in the watershed areas of Iran s southern parts. These factors affect directly on the flood in the total focus time about %38 thus, the most effective factor on the flood discharge is the focus time factor that should be considered in the flood management in Iran s southern areas.