Extraction of Water Sea Surface Salinity in Arvandrud River Mouth by Using Remote Sensing and Statistical Methods.

Salinity of water is important to observe changes in the sea environment. Recently, remote sensing as a one of the least expensive and fastest monitoring and evaluating technique of environmental parameter is used for sea surface salinity investigation in coastal water. One of the methods that is the basis of this study is extraction of sea surface salinity by using determination of relationship between sea surface salinity and surface reflectance by statistical ways in any region. In the northwestern of Persian Gulf there is significant salinity gradient in sea surface due to Arvandrud river discharge as a main source of fresh water for the region and enables this method to be used. In this study, a relationship between in-situ sea surface salinity that measured in 1992 ROPME cruise and surface reflectance of Landsat bands were calculated. Landsat bands 2 and 3 have a relationship to sea surface salinity. Finally, the calculated relationship applied to all Pixels of Landsat bands 2 and 3 and sea surface salinity regime was extracted on northwest of Persian Gulf (Arvandrud river's mouth) in spring of 1992. This study that uses the least measurement data (due to the lack of data in this area) show we can understand physical condition of the region by using at least measurement data and remote sensing techniques and thus compensate for the lack of field measurement data.