Restitution Damages of the Environmental Crimes in International and Iranian Law System

Generally, compensation for environmental crime damages meets two major challenges. The governmental nature of criminals, which causes a huge number of victims, is the first one. Secondly, as the Iranian legal system of civil liability is based on the theory of fault, it is not efficient enough to deal with this issue. However, based on the international law and Iranian legal system, we try to recognize criteria for compensation of environmental crimes. In these two systems, environmental compensation has a restoration nature and, on the other hand, it is based on the views of the offender and the governments. From this point of view, environmental criminal is required to restore the damages into its former circumstance. Otherwise, the government is responsible for compensating the environmental crimes through a specific fund, called environmental fund.