Active immune induction by genetic vaccination

DNA vaccination, or genetic immunization, is a novel vaccine technology that has great potential for reducing infectious disease and cancer- induced morbidity and mortality worldwide. This method has been used to stimulate protective immunity against many infectious pathogens, malignancies, and autoimmune disorders in animal models and extensively to develop vaccine safe, innovative and efficient in human and animals has been studied. DNA plasmids encoding foreign proteins may be used as immunogens by direct intramuscular injection alone, or with various adjuvants. The antibody, helper T lymphocyte, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses have been induced in a laboratory and domesticated animals by these methods. In the inactive immunization method, the goal is only temporary protection and relief of the condition, but in active immunization, achieving a constant, long-term safety is the final goal. DNA vaccines are one of the novel candidates of genetic engineering in immunization fields. This article is aimed to introduce DNA vaccine and induced an immune response by it to achieve sustainable protection and further development of this technology at national research levels.