Evaluation of antioxidant activity, secondary metabolites and osmolytes of aerial parts and root organs of Chelidonium majus L. in various phonological stages

The purpose of this study was to evaluate antioxidant activity and determining content of alkaloids, total phenols, anthocyanins, catalase, peroxidase activity as well osmolytes in vegetative,flowering and fruit stage of Chelidonium majus. Smples were collected from marginal fields of Chamestan district of Noor which is located in Mazandaran province firstly, and then collected samples were botanically authenticated.. Results showed that root of C. majus in various phenological stages had a more alkaloids and total phenols content over aerial organs in similar stages. It was also observed that the highest alkaloids and total phenols in root were obtained in vegetative and flowering stages respectively. Anthocyanins content in root and aerial organs were increased with an increase of phonological stages. Also, the measurement of soluble sugars in C. majus showed that the highest amount of this compound was in all phonological stages at the root more than the aerial parts. The maximum amount of proline was observed in the aerial parts at the vegetative stage. According to the results, enzyme of catalase and peroxidase had positive correlation with antioxidant activity. Overall, antioxidant capacity in inhibition of free radicals significantly were increased with an increase of alkaloids and total phenols content from underground and aerial organs of C. majus in various phonological stages. Overall, root of Chelidonium majus in vegetative stage had the appropriate amount of alkaloids; it may be used as a suitable source for the preparation of pharmaceutical compounds.