Study of Trend and Nature of Real Exchange Rate Deviation in Iran Economy

The exchange rate as one of the channels of national economy connection to the international environment is one of the most important economic variables. The deviation of this variable from its equilibrium level is observed in almost most countries. But this phenomenon is very evident as a chronic phenomenon in developing countries, including Iran. In this study the investigation of this issue in Iran with emphasis on the real exchange rate in the post revolution period is on the agenda. To do that, in a systematic approach, we considered the Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) Model to simulate the real exchange rate behavior during the period of 1981-2015, and to calculate the amount of diversion and its nature.
The results imply that, given the wide range of policies adopted in the market, the real exchange rate has been significantly deviated over the three periods. The first one coincided by intensifying of war till 1987. The second deviation was relatively limited during the period of 1995-2001. And the third one, which was the most extreme deviation, started since 2006 and continued till 2015 which eroded gradually. According to the results of this study, real exchange rate deviation can be considered as one the historical & chronic challenges of Iran Economy.
JEL Classification: F31, F41