Best Management Practices Presentation to Deal with the simultaneous Coastal and Inland Urban Flooding Hazards

Joint occurrence of coastal and inland urban flooding is considered as a major problem in coastal developed cities. An appropriate perception of flood hazard is imperative to face new challenges in flood management in these areas. To address this issue, flood frequency and intensity are determined based on historical storm data of the case study utilizing statistical analysis. Five copula functions have been fitted to hydrological data to find joint return periods of coastal and inland flooding and the best one has been detected based on the Kolmogorov–Smirnov and the root-mean-square error test. Afterward, flood delineation map is used as an effective tool in the improvement of decision making process in urban development plans. For this end, a geographic information systems based software named WMS has been utilized to delineate flood inundation and depth in Bronx brought of New York city in United States. Best management practices as flood management/mitigation strategies are categorized in five classes, namely resist, delay, store, discharge, and retreat. After that, a performance index has been derived based on five factors of degree of hazard mitigation, aesthetic, capital cost, maintenance and operation cost, and adaptability utilizing Multi Criteria Decision Making methods. Finally, one of the strategies is selected as a viable strategy to reduce flood hazards.