Various Numerical and Analytical Methods for Studying the Electromagnetic Fields Effects on the Human Body: A Classical Review Article

Abstract      In recent years, many research articles have been studied the electromagnetic fields (EMFs) effects on the human body, due to the increment of electromagnetic-based devices. In most studies, there is not an accurate analytical method for solving Maxwell’s equations and then various numerical techniques have been utilized to solve Maxwell’s equations. In this review, we first introduce Maxwell’s equations briefly and then various numerical and analytical methods used in the literature and commercial softwares have been considered in detail. Then, EMFs effects on the human body in terms of tissue distance from electromagnetic (EM) source will be investigated. Finally, we conclude the article.     Methods and Materials: In this article, various numerical and analytical methods for studying EMFs effects on the human body have been studied and investigated based on the credible scientific references.     The EMFs effects on the human body is classified in terms of tissue distance from EM source into two main categories: Far field and near field. In near field region, four categories are studied in this paper.     Discussion and In this review, Maxwell’s equations are introduced briefly and various numerical and analytical methods for solving these equations have been investigated. Then, human body models used in EMF numerical simulations have been considered, which Debye and Cole-Cole formulations are the most popular models in the literature. In these models, the electric properties of the tissue are expressed in terms of tissue conductivity and permittivity. In the following, the EMFs effects on the human body will be studied based on the tissue distance from EM source.     Keywords: Electromagnetic fields, Human body, Numerical technique, Analytical method, Specific absorption rate