An inquiry on Biruni’s thought about justice

Abu Reyhan-e-Biruni, Iranian Muslim scientist and philosopher, is one of the most important and impressive thinkers in 4th century of Islamic history. In this essay we aim to figure out Bironi’s approach towards justice. Therefore, we seek to answer to three questions about the definition of justice, the way of distinguishing justice and the process of institutionalizing justice in the society. In so doing, we focused on three books of Biruni named “Fi Tahghigh Malolhend”, “Asaar-o-lbaghiyah An Ghoroun-e-lkhaliyah” and “Aljamaher Fi Marefatel Javaher” in order to find out his point of view to justice. After investigating the existing relevant data, we found that Biruni thinks that justice is analogous to the concept of proportion. Biruni believes that in order to recognize justice in the society we need to consider cultural and social values in the society. In addition, Biruni suppose that justice is not stable in the society so a righteous king has to protect it.