The return of Shii ulsmas from Atabat to Iran in the searly Qajar period

The Safavid fall, following by the Afghan ascendancy was the beginning of Shii Ulamas migration to Atabat. With the beginning of Nadir Shah Rule, whose legitimacy was provided not by Shiism but by sword force, and Karim Khan who consider it is enough to have a tribal legitimacy, caused the Shii Ulamas situation to be be declined more and more. In the meantime )from the Safavid fall to the Zand period( many of them migrated to Atabat. But gradually and as the Qajars came to power some of the Ulamas returned to Iran. The paper is going to answer the question that what reasons paved the way for Ulamas immigration from Atabat to Iran in the early Qajar period and the immigration cause what results in the mentioned period. For the purpose, the author has done the research by referring to historical and religious sources and new researches and by using the analytical- descriptive method. The paper findings show that the several reasons such the victory of the Usouli school over the Akhbaris, the establishment of the Shii school) Hauzeh ( following by the social and religious responsibility sense of the Ulmas, the Qajar need for acquiring religious lejitimacy fron the Ulama and other reasons such as the Wahabis invasion of Atabat and endemic diseases in that area were the reasons of Ulamas immigration to Iran in the early Qajar period. In addition, the immigration caused the results such as establishment of the Usouli jurisdiction against the Akhbari school, Sufism, Shaykhism and the Ulamas coaperation with the Qajar government in the Russian and Iran wars.