Functional Neuroimaging: An Emerging Technology in Basic Research and Clinic

Like other parts of the human body, brain has been threatened by various diseases and disorders. In addition to its strong protection by skull bone, the complexity of its function made the brain one of the less known organs of human body.  Moreover the brain is the source of intelligence in the hierarchy of human actions and decoding the brain function is a golden target for artificial intelligence.
The discovery of the brain structure and function so far is based on several core modalities. I will try to cover the basic techniques of functional neuroimaging here, to highlight the advantages and limitations and also give a perspective on their future applications.