Synthesis Methods and Electromagnetic Loss of Composites Containing Polyaniline

Technologies based on microwave absorption are based on science of absorber materialsin this frequency range. The nature of microwave is an alternating electrical andmagnetic field that could be naturally absorbed in transmission through materials with nonzeroconductivity or imaginary part of permittivity (dielectric loss) and nonzero imaginarypart of magnetic permeability (magnetic loss). Meanwhile, microwave absorbing polymercomposites due to their light weight, low fabrication cost, and high performance havesignificant importance. Polymer matrix of these composites are generally nonconductivematerials that are host for microwave absorbing materials such as carbon nanotube, ferrite,and titanium dioxide, and so conductivity enhancement of polymer matrix could be effectiveon improvement of absorption mechanism especially in nonconductive magnetic absorbers.In this regard, polyaniline as a conductive polymer, has important role in improvementof quality of absorbing composites in microwave range. Also, improvement of variouscharacteristics of polyaniline has strong dependence on properties of other componentsand especially on synthesis method. Therefore, especial consideration on various kinds,components, and synthesis methods of such composites and key role of polyaniline intheir properties is critical for researchers in the field. In this paper, after introducing themechanism of electromagnetic wave absorption, we introduce different kinds of compositesincluding polyaniline with other organic and inorganic materials, synthesis methods, andproperties related to design of microwave absorbers.