The Effect of One-Time and Two-Times Endurance Training with the Same Volume on Glial Cell-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Nuclear Factor-kB in Sensory Roots of Spinal Cord in Diabetic Neuropathic Rats

The Physical activity and exercise training are among the factors that reduce the complications of diabetes including diabetic neuropathy pain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of six weeks endurance training with the same volume on the glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), nuclear factor- K</sub>B (NF-K</sub>B), and pain in sensoty roots of spinal cord in rats with diabetic neuropathy. The study sample was 40 Wistar rats (10-week-old and weighing 230-260 g). Ten rats were assigned in healthy control group and 30 other rats were diabetic by interperitoneally injection of Sterptozotocin (45 mg/kg, dissolved in citrate buffer, pH=4.5). After creating diabetic neuropathy, rats were randomly assigned to three groups: diabetic one-time training, diabetic two-times training, and diabetic control. Both training protocols were a six weeks aerobic training with 60- 70% VO2max on the treadmill. 48 h after the last training session, the sensory part of spinal cord sampled. Data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance, Scheffe, Kruskal- Wallis, and Mann- Witney U tests (P<0.05). Results showed; GDNF levels did not have a significant difference between one-time (P = 0.146) and two-times (P = 0.131) training with the neuropathic control group. Also, there was no significant difference in the mean GDNF level between one-time and two-times training groups (P = 0.990). The mean NF-K</sub>B level in the one-time training (P = 0.022) and two-times training (P = 0.039) groups was significantly lower than the neuropathy control group, but there was no significant difference between the mean NF-K</sub>B level in one-time training and two-times training groups (P = 0.994). The results of pain behavioral tests showed that six weeks of one-time and two-times training significantly reduced neuropathic pain (P = 0.001), while there was no significant difference between the one-time and two-times training groups (P = 0.990). It seems, both one-time and two-times endurance training have a positive effect on NF-K</sub>B levels and pain, and reduce the complications of diabetic neuropathy, while not affecting GDNF levels.