The effect of organic and chemical fertilizers on the uptake of phosphorus by wheat and activity of acidic and alkaline phosphatase enzymes in soil

Phosphorus deficiency is one of the most important problems in calcareous agricultural soils of arid and semi-arid regions. This study was conducted to investigate the phosphorus uptake and activity of acidic and alkaline phosphatase enzymes in three types of soils with different levels of available phosphorus (Qazvin1, Qazvin2 and Dizan) treated with 50 mg/kg phosphorus by using sheep manure, municipal solid waste compost and triple superphosphate under greenhouse conditions in 2015 as a completely randomized design with three replications. The results showed that the acidic and alkaline phosphatase activity in Dizan were significantly higher than other studied soils. The alkaline phosphatase activity was more 2.7 times than acidic phosphatase in the soil. The influence of municipal solid waste compost on acidic and alkaline phosphatase enzymes activity were 82.3 and 62.1 p- Nitro phenol (µg/g-1dwt h-1) and 52.6 and 87.6 p- Nitro phenol (µg/g-1dwt h-1) higher than sheep manure and triple superphosphate treatments respectively. The results of soil and fertilizers interaction showed that, acidic phosphatase enzyme activity in municipal solid waste compost and triple superphosphate were more than sheep manure in Dizan soil sample. The phosphorus uptake by plant was 34.3, 20.9 and 65.7 % in Dizan treated soil sample with sheep manure, municipal solid waste and control respectively. In Dizan soil residual phosphorus after harvest of wheat in triple superphosphate treatment was 33.3, 61.7 and 72.4 % compared to sheep manure, municipal solid waste compost and control, respectively. According to the results the maximum phosphatase enzyme activity was obtained in treated calcareous soil with municipal waste compost.