Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease Type 1 and 2 on the Electrical Activity of Hand Muscle During Isometric Contraction With and Without Intellectual Activity

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the third most common neurodegenerative disease in the central nervous system. It is a degenerative and slowly progressive disease. PD patients have difficulty at the beginning of the movement, at the path of movement, and at the end of the movement. PD consists of 5 main stages.

The purpose of this study was to diagnose PD type 1 and 2 on the electrical activity of shoulder muscle during isometric contraction with and without intellectual activity. In the same way, the electrical activity of the 2 right anterior deltoid muscles and the right upper trapezium by electromyographic apparatus in 4 conditions: (1) Resting, (2) Resting with intellectual activity, (3) performing an isometric movement in the hands, and (4) performing a movement Isometric in hand with an intellectual activity evaluated. The statistical population of the study consisted of 20 patients as experimental group (10 patients in the first stage and 10 patients in the second stage of PD) and ten healthy subjects as the control group as the statistical population. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to determine the normal distribution of data. Averages of variables were compared using the ANOVA test at a significant level of 5%. All statistical methods were performed using SPSS software.

The results of this study showed that the electrical activity of the shoulder belt muscles is significantly different during and after the isometric contraction with and without mental activity in PD type I and II.

As a result, a non-invasive approach to assessing the electrical activity of shoulder muscle can be used to determine the first and second stages of PD. Research shows that PD is a chronic and progressive complication that most affects older people. Also, according to the results, Parkinson’s patients have weaker performance in cognitive functions than healthy people.