Analysis of the effect of actual shading area estimation using remote sensing in evaluation of water requirement estimation of orchards in the design and operation phase of local irrigation (case study: Qazvin Province)

In the localized irrigation method, determining the surface of the shading of trees is very important in estimating water requirement and water use management. In this study, it was used to estimate the shading area of satellite imagery processing. According to the results, the shading area of grape trees in real conditions 7.11% more than conventional values in the design of irrigation systems. The actual shading area in olive, pear and apple, peach and nectarine, cherry and sour cherry and walnut are also 7.35, 3.21, 3.28, 8.48 and 4.32% less than conventional values in local irrigation design. In irrigation schemes, the surface area of the shade of grapes and other trees are usually 50 and 70%, and the constant is considered, while the average level of shading for all trees is about 46%. Therefore, in most of the projects, estimation of shading area and water requirement is estimated. In reality, depending on factors such as garden type, age of tree, growth conditions and... The shading area is variable and is different from the estimated values. It needs to be adjusted in any system during operation, shading area with satellite imagery or other tools, measurement and irrigation plan based on the updated estimation of water requirement.