Design and Simulation of Photonic Crystal Lenses in Various Nano-Structures

Owing to the requirements of integrated circuits to the structures that guide light in the requisite directions and focus on appropriate sites, benefiting photonic crystal properties to achieve photonic crystal lenses is proposed. These lenses have the high capability of focus for modes at the nano-scale focal point, with low loss. In this paper, photonic crystal lenses are designed through etching air-holes in a hexagonal arrangement in SiO2 dielectric substrate. By applying plane waves to these different nanometer structures with a variety of arrangements and pitches and interaction of light with structure, thereby light is focused at desired points. The results of the simulations, including electric field amplitude, intensity, power, and focusing width were investigated using field profiles at the wavelength of the first telecommunication window 850 nm. The simulation results indicated that these parameters can be applied at a specified and optimal pitch value, 385 nm, for optimum control and concentration in lensing at small nano-scale dimensions within a fraction of wavelength, ~0.49 µm. Also, the result of the Sensitivity for applying the structure as an optical sensor is 645 nm/RIU.