Personal Identity in Bioethics

The most fundamental concept in philosophical aspect of bioethics, the “personal identity”, is being reviewed & studied in this article. After reviewing the concept of “person”, the major theories of “personhood” is being briefly expressed, then, the important point of “personal identity in Islamic philosophy in regard of cloning from person to person” is evaluated in accordance with the acceptance or rejection of reincarnation. Furthermore, in expressing the measures of the “personal identity”, three different theories including   shared memory, casual dependence and theory of survival have been expressed and each one has been individually studied and analyzed in accordance with the Islamic philosophy. Finally, it is expressed that the “personal identity in Muslim philosophers’ point of view” is nothing but a “personal unity. The soul is the only element that can protect & guard the identity as well as the personality. If cloning is not reincarnation, experiencing it tangibly shall be expected in order to be logically studied as a posterior fact, since the philosophy cannot say anything about the prior facts.