A Review of X-ray Shielding Coatings Using Mineral Materials in Medical Applications

With the advancement of technology, humans are always against the dangers of waves, especially ionized waves, such as X and Gamma waves. X-rays are used in various sections such as medicine, industry, and agriculture. Since most X-rays are used in the medical sector, many people including patients, doctors and hospital staff, are at risk from the dangers of this wave. So far, there have been many attempts to protect these people, which include the use of lead cabins and textiles coated with lead. But researchers, because of toxicity, heavy, un-flexibility and etc are studying for alternative of lead. In this paper, mineral materials such as barium, tungsten, bismuth and tin as absorb of ionized rays has attracted the attention of researchers. The results showed these materials have been able to attenuation the X-rays an acceptable level with less weight, more biocompatibility and flexibility than lead. Also, the scientists' observations showed that the amount of X-ray absorption depends on the size of the mineral, the attenuation coefficient, and the thickness of the adsorbent. In this paper, the types of X-ray absorber minerals and their comparison with lead are briefly examined.