Effects of Wheat Straw, Leaf of Date Palm, Bagasse and Organic Supplements on Yield and Quality of Oyster Mushroom

Increasing waste production and accumulation of agricultural products is one of the environmental problems in different parts of the world. One of the ways to consume agricultural waste is to use it as a growth media for mushroom and to convert waste into higher value-added crops. In this experiment, the effects of substrates of wheat straw, date palm leaf, sugar cane bagasse and supplementary treatments including soybean meal, rapeseed meal and chicken manure (2.5 % W: weight) on growth, yield ad some biochemical constituents of oyster mushroom, in the mushroom cultivation hall of the Educational and Research Station of Khuzestan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources during 2014 were investigated. The results showed that adding soybean meal to palm leaf and wheat straw substrates or adding poultry manure to palm leaf significantly increased the yield of oyster mushroom (6.39, 5.97 and 6.30 kg, respectively). The yield of oyster mushroom in sugarcane bagasse or supplementation was lower than that of wheat straw and palm leaf. Growth period in bagasse containing supplements was significantly longer than other treatments. Total protein was increased significantly after the rapeseed meal was added to all three substrates, but soybean meal only was able to increase protein content in bagasse substrate (22.95 %). The highest oil content in bagasse substrate was found in rapeseed meal (1.81 %), the highest soluble carbohydrates, total phenol content were measured in wheat straw+ rapeseed meal, bagasse+ soybean meal were shown 59.11 % and 706 micrograms per gram of dry weight, respectively. The biochemical efficiency of oyster mushroom was affected by planting time and the lowest biological efficiency was in the bagasse substrate. The results showed that adding supplement to wheat straw and palm leaves yield and quality characteristics of oyster mushrooms were better than bagasse and the growth period was shorter than bagasse.