Exploring the Principles and Requirements of Political Freedom in Imam Ali's Thoughts and (life) conduct

Political freedom is one of the key concepts of political science and one of the basic needs in civil and political law. However, numerous interpretations have been provided by scholars, philosophers, political elites, policymakers, international conventions and treaties on its dimensions and nature, which in some cases have been accompanied by serious conflicts. In the meantime, scientific and theoretical controversy has been raised, since the beginning of the Islamic Revolution, over the issue of political freedom in Iran. Recently, this controversy has been intensified, therefore, achieving a comprehensive definition of political freedom within the framework of Islamic principles by focusing on the ethics and Sira’ah of the ahl al-bayt is necessary. Therefore, this article seeks to answer the question of what are the foundations and requirements of political freedom in Imam Ali's thought and Sira’ah? The findings of this article indicate that the origin of political freedom is available in two intertwined popular and divine areas which focus on freedom of thought and expression, public participation, the rule of law, monitoring the government and freely criticizing its functioning, political tolerance, and human dignity and are among the requirements of political freedom in the thought and Sira’ah of Alawite.