Studying lithium-ion battery packs cooling system using water-nanofluids composition

In this study, the Li-ion batteries temperature increase during the discharge process was measured empirically and evaluated using numerical simulation. Moreover, the battery packs cooling using the water, air and water-nano composition fluids such as water-alumina, water-copper oxide, and water-gold was studied through numerical simulation. Accordingly, the battery cooling was simulated by CFD method and the results were compared with water and air coolants. The results indicated the significant effect of nanofluid on the battery packs cooling under the same conditions. The batteries mean temperature with 5C discharge rate with the cooling process with water-alumina was decreased to 305.31 K after 300-sec discharge (Initial temperature: 300 K). The mean temperature of batteries under the cooling process with water-copper oxide and water-gold nanofluid was decreased to 307.09 and 301.14 K, respectively. However, the temperature of the battery packs was respectively decreased to 362 and 313 K using air and water-fluid cooling. Another important point is that lithium-ion batteries are subject to spontaneous discharge at 60%, which confirms the results of the present research. In air cooling method, the discharge rate of batteries reached 61.5%, while other nanofluids (water, water-copper oxide, and water-alumina) decreased the discharge rate by 57% and water-gold nanofluid dropped the discharge rate to 53%.