Investigating Open Loop and Closed-Loop Supply Chain under Uncertainty (Case Study: Iran Teransfo Company)

One of the main components of competition in the current competitive environment is supply chain; therefore, organizations need to have a reliable supply chain to increase efficiency and effectiveness. Moreover, due to the increase in environmental pollution and the requirements imposed by the governments to harness polluting activities, organizations are obliged to follow green supply chain practices that account for environmental considerations along with economic aspects. hence, in this study, a bi-objective model for a green, closed-loop supply chain under demand uncertainty is proposed which takes into account environmental consideration and economic aspects. Another important aspect of the supply chain network design is the concept of uncertainty. Due to societal and political evolutions and the scarcity of raw materials in the decision-making horizon, uncertainty is a significant measure in the models of supply chain. Indeed, in this study, the model was developed for a supply chain under uncertainty so that more compatibility with real-world conditions would be achieved. The results show that considering uncertainties makes the model more flexible. The advancement of technology and unpredictable behaviors of customers in markets have created a very complex competitive atmosphere. To evaluate the performance of the developed model, the case study of the Iran Transfo Company is considered.