Survival Analysis of Patients With High Blood Pressure Until Acute Renal Failure in the SPRINT Study

High blood pressure (HBP) is one of the most prevalent diseases which has affected many people in different societies. It is also the cause of several other chronic and fatal diseases. Acute renal failure (ARF) represents an independent risk factor for morbidity, resulting in a prolonged period of hospitalization of the survived patients. Thus, survival analysis of the patients with HBP until ARF and determination of the associated factors are of utmost significance.

The current research examined the survival of patients with HBP until ARF using the Weibull model. We obtained the data from Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT). The studied population included patients with systolic blood pressure (SBP of 130-180 mm Hg). The follow-up median was 3.26 years in our study.

Out of a total of 842 patients, 590 subjects (70.1%) were male and 252 subjects (29.9%) were female. Moreover, from these 842 patients, 85 (4.5%) died of cardiovascular diseases, 298 (15.7%) were diagnosed with ARF, and 459 (54.5%) were censored. According to the outcomes of the Weibull model of competing risks, the indexes of gender, albumin/creatinine ratio in urine, glomerular filtration rate, and being in the category of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) were effective factors associated with the survival of patients.

According to the outcomes of this study, controlling blood pressure can greatly reduce the incidence of kidney failure.