Genetic and phylogenetic analysis of 12S rRNA region in camelus dromedaries and camelus bactrianus of Iran

Around the world, scientists are looking for new animal protein sources and trying to prioritize the animals with the best conversion rates. One of these animals is Camel. Identification of genetic differences in sequences of Mitochondrial Genome by Bioinformatics Tools is a rapid and confident method for identification and categorizing species. This method is one of the most effective ways of evaluating genetic biodiversity and Phylogenetic relationships in different livestock like Camel. This research was done for sequencing of Ribosomal non-coding RNA gene and comparison of its genetic construction between camelus dromedaries and camelus bactrianus of Iran.

We were collecting blood samples from twenty camelus dromedaries and camelus bactrianus. We extracted DNA at the beginning then 12S rRNA with 1326 pair bases was amplified and sequenced by two pair specific primers.

The Presence of 3 Haplotypes in Bactria camels and one haplotype in Dromedary were proved in the study population. These Haplotypes have two single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) site in camelus bactrianus and there was not any Nucleotides difference among camelus dromedaries. Phylogeny Tree design with using similar mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene sequencing in other species which are in World Gene Bank.

Phylogeny Analysis and defining, Genetic diversity was showing camelus dromedaries and camelus bactrianus are placing in two different groups and Iranian camelus bactrianus have more Genetic Diversity which indicates more historical evolution of this specie. More information about Genetic diversity among the different generation of Camels can facilitate developing generations revising Programs and is a necessity for protecting from Genetic Resources.