Evaluation of pollutants and greenhouse emissions using gasoline-ethanol blends in gasoline engines

Reduction of fossil fuel reservoirs along with the environmental crisis associated with the fossil fuel combustion cause find the renewable and green resource of energies. Ethanol is an alternative fuel that is used as fuel in combination with other fuels and improves combustion efficiency and exhaust gasses properties. In this paper, combustion in automotive engines using different blends of gasoline-ethanol are studied to investigate the emissions of pollutants such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides. The simulation results showed that the blend of ethanol - gasoline significantly reduces exhaust emissions contain carbon dioxide, and sulfur oxides. The highest percentage of reduction in emission of greenhouse gasses is observed for 10% (V/V) of ethanol; however, by increasing engine speed, emission of carbon dioxide increases due to increased fuel consumption, while, unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide emissions initially increases with increasing engine speed, and decreases by increasing the engine speed and temperature. Therefore, a mixture of gasoline-ethanol can be used as a substitute for fossil fuels.