Investigation of Allicin and Flavonoid Variations and Selenium Daily Uptake in Garlic (Allium Sativum L.) By Selenium Fertilizer Treatments and Mycorrhizal Inoculation

Today, numerous studies are being done to replace chemicals with natural substances in order to reduce synthetic compounds in food. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an important bulb vegetable because of its high concentration of allicin, flavonoids and selenium accumulation. This research was carried out to investigate the effects of two levels of mycorrhiza (inoculation and non-inoculated), three levels of selenium (0 as control, 100 and 200 mg/l) on two ecotypes (Ramhormoz and Dezful) in terms of flavonoid, allicin, daily intake of selenium and yield of garlic. The experiment was performed as factorial in the form of completely randomized design. The highest values of flavonoid (27.618 mg/g) and Allicin (5.17 mg/g) were observed in Dezful ecotype and the highest daily selenium uptake (11.08 mg/kg) was observed in Ramhormez ecotype. Mycorrhizal inoculation was significantly and positively correlated with flavonoid and garlic yield at 1% level and with allicin at 5% level, but it was reversed with daily selenium uptake (EDI) at 5 % level. Also, application of selenium fertilizer showed a positive and significant correlation with increasing daily selenium uptake and flavonoids in garlic Bulbs at 1 and 5% levels, respectively. But, it has inverse correlation with allicin content at 1 % level. Dezful ecotype had a better performance in terms of garlic weight and garlic cloves weight and there was a significant difference between two ecotypes at 1 % level. Finally, due to different effects of the treatments, if the purpose is to produce garlic enriched with Se, flavonoid or allicin, a decrease in some nutritional values and a change in ecotype must be accepted.