Corresponding Animal and Human Animism in the Poems of Forough Farrokhzad and Nazek al-Malaika

The thinking of Animismis an ontological view of man in relation to both the material and immaterial aspects of the creation system. This belief creates a feeling in literature that seemingly objects are alive and have intelligence. In this method, the author or poet strives to add life and personality to his/her inanimate elements through imagination. Animal and human organism similar to an animal or human being, or by the formation of combinations of the two is considered as a part of animism. In the meantime, Forough Farrokhzad, a contemporary Iranian modern poet and Nazek al-Malaika, a contemporary poet and pioneer of modern poetry in Arabic literature, have taken the task of conveying important parts of their poetic concepts through imagination. These two female poets, who are both prominent representatives of women's literature in Iran and Iraq, are not only feminine in their language and emotion, but also reflect on the ideas that govern their day, such as loneliness and malice, cruelty, female oppression, skepticism, social issues and other matters with a delicate connection to animism in the form of protest poetry. In the present article, the manifestations of the beliefs of animism or life-oriented beliefs in the poems of these two poets are studied through a descriptive-analytic method. Studies show that the biodiversity in the works of these two poets goes beyond literary arrays and reflects their naturalistic infrastructures. Also, the use of animism in nature is more evident in Forough's poems than in the concepts of Nazek’s poems.