An Analysis of Victim-Oriented Penal policy Requirements for Hate Crimes

Following social developments, the approach of policymakers is to determine hate crimes and to protect vulnerable victims in the form of victim-oriented penal policy. Although victim-oriented penal policy emphasizes the protection of vulnerable victims in the light of the doctrine of hate crimes, in some legal systems, including the Iranian criminal system, the legislature has scattered support for victims and does not pay special attention to the victims of hateful behaviors. Therefore, based on the context of victim-oriented penal policy, what is the place of supporting hate crime victims in penal policy? This challenge can be analyzed in terms of the requirements of criminal policy, including appropriate legislation, victim-oriented support mechanisms, and participatory victim-centered approaches. This paper confirms supporting hate crime victims in the form of aggravated and discriminatory criminal support based on analyzing the dimensions of victimization and requirements of the victim-oriented penal policy. In this regard, the creation of differentiated support mechanisms for victims of hate crimes based on a participatory support system is emphasized.