Evaluation of the causes of exchange fluctuations, an explanation of foreign exchange system and appropriate policies for optimal management of inflows and outflows (with emphasize on the impacts of sanctions on Iranian economy)

This study examines the causes of exchange rate fluctuations in Iran in the period of 1352-1392 , using the ARDL and VAR models by employing short and long term patterns.  The results indicate that economic sanctions (exterior factor) are not the only cause for exchange rate fluctuations, but economics factors (interior factors) such as accumulated inflation  prior to sanctions ), oil  exports, fiscal deficit and monetary policies contributed  to exchange rate fluctuations. The study also, proposes a well-managed floating exchange rate system, in line with enhancement and streamlining of exports, for the current economic conditions.