The Effect of Growth Hormones and Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Yield of Potato Plant (Agria Cultivar)

Among the microorganisms, mycorrhizal fungi are involved in providing phosphorus, zinc, copper and water to the plant. Also, growth hormones by increasing rhyzogenesis and thus the nutrient uptake of rootstocks enhances plant growth. In order to investigate the effects of plant growth hormones and mycorrhizal fungi on the yield of potato plant, Agria cultivar, a factorial experiment with a randomized complete block design was performed under greenhouse conditions. The proposed factors were four types of growth hormone (control, gibberellic acid, indole acetic acid and naphthalene acetic acid) and four types of mycorrhizal fungi which are used for inoculation of the potato plant (control, Funneliformis Mosseae, Rhizophagus intraradices and a mixture of Funneliformis Mosseae + Rhizophagus intraradices). Each factor was consisted of three replications. Plant growth hormones were sprayed with a concentration of 25 mg/l and 10 g of the medium containing mycorrhizal fungi was applied to each planting box. The results showed that the highest amount of the leaf chlorophyll index and potato tuber length were obtained from the treatment containing Funneliformis Mosseae fungus with the simultaneous use of naphthalene acetic acid growth hormone, which were 1.20 and 5.45 cm, respectively. The highest percentage of dry matter, stem diameter and fresh weight of the potato tuber were obtained from the treatment containing a mixture of Funneliformis Mosseae and Rhizophagus intraradices fungi and without application of growth hormone, which were 19.69%, 12.93 mm and 98.87 g, respectively. The maximum diameter of potato tuber was obtained by using the gibberellic acid growth hormone without mycorrhizal fungi application, which was 12.46 cm. The highest density of potato tuber was obtained from the treatment containing Funneliformis mosseae fungus and gibberellic acid growth hormone, which was 1.50 g/cm3. In general, the results of this study showed that the application of gibberellic acid growth hormone and a mixture of Rhizophagus Rhizophagus intraradices and Funneliformis Mosseae fungi as inoculant created the highest potato yield.