A Review about al-Qaeda in Afghanistan; Its nature, genealogy and beliefs

Todays, the circulation of Takfiri has taken over the Muslims of the world as a scourge. This circulation seeks to implement its extremist and violent conception of the sublime principles of Islam in the world.  In this way, "Al-Qaeda" in Afghanistan has always been considered as the founder and line-up of the Takfiri movement in the West Asian region. The importance of studying this circulation is heightened when we realize that most of the Takfiri groups that are in the line of battle with the axis of resistance today, are rooted in al-Qaeda and its ideology. The group founded by "Abdullah Azzam of Palestinian", "Osama bin Laden of Saudi Arabia" and "Ayman al-Zawahiri of Egypt" called "Al-Qaeda" in Afghanistan under the pretext of jihad against the Soviet Union, which later became the source of extremist Salafi circulations and a lot of Takfiri groups in the region; so that it can be claimed that the main thinking of the deviant current of Takfiri groups gained strength and power with the emergence of this circulation. This descriptive-analytical study tries to answer this fundamental question that “what are the underlying factors, historical course and the origin of al-Qaeda as a Salafi-Takfiri movement and what are the intellectual and doctrinal foundations of al-Qaeda? The findings show that the jihad against the Soviet Communist Army in Afghanistan led the three major Salafi leaders to form an alliance and pave the way for the emergence of a pervasive jihadist movement called al-Qaeda. The base of al-Qaeda's thinking is rooted in Salafi thoughts, and its leaders, in particular, have been more influenced by the thinking of the ruling Brotherhood in Egypt. Also, this study, by examining the thoughts of al-Qaeda leaders, has come to the conclusion that the spread of Shiite thought under the leadership of the Shiite country of Iran has always been dangerous for them and they have sought to avert this danger.