A Comparison of the Similarities and Differences of Religious Thought in Iran and Egypt (Based on the opinions of Sheikh Hadi Najmabadi and Sheikh Mohammed Abda

Iran and Egypt are two of the most important "think-tanks" in the Islamic world whose political and social and religious thinkers have sought to identify and combat the causes of backwardness and decline in Islamic societies. Cultural, historical, and religious backgrounds, along with factors such as the geopolitical position and special status of the two countries in the Muslim world, have brought about many similarities in the course of social and political developments of these two societies in contemporary times. The present study, using the theoretical framework of the analysis of the critical discourse of Norman Farklaf, Lakla and Moufeh, seeks to answer the question of what religious thought in Iran and Egypt is based on the ideas of Sheikh Hadi Najmabadi in Iran and Sheikh Mohammed Abdo in Egypt. Opportunities and achievements, as well as challenges and obstacles? The findings of the study of the thought of these religious scholars, with emphasis on information gathering based on library and documentary practices, indicate that the experience of religious scholarship in these countries in issues such as rationalism, superstition, ignorance and frustration with The West has a similar situation in the struggle against tyranny and colonialism and in trying to unite the Islamic Ummah, and they have different positions on issues such as secularism, ethnicity and nationalism.