Introduction of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and investigation of possible origin of this virus

The emergence of the dangerous and deadly COVID-19 disease in late 2019 in Wuhan, China, and its rapid spread has had a profound global impact on health, mental security, economy, culture and politics of various countries, drawing the attention of the medical community and related sciences for identification and treatment of this disease. Various studies on this disease have identified a new coronavirus as the cause. Due to the development of severe respiratory infection and the similarity of this virus to SARS-CoV, it was named SARS-CoV-2. Although many studies have been conducted to identify the origin of this virus and based on the obtained results, most researchers have proposed the hypothesis of natural selection of mutation in the bat-RaTGG13, but some researchers also believe that this virus was engineered in a laboratory based on the evidence obtained. However, both groups of researchers believe that none of the hypotheses can be refuted until strong evidence is found as to the origin of the virus. In this review, along with the discussion on the origin of SARS-CoV-2 virus, the introduction of this virus, its function, pathogenesis and ways to prevent and treat the disease will be introduced.