A STUDY OF THE RELATIVITY OF ETHICS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF QURANIC VERSES

 Divine religions, including Islam and its teachings, especially the Holy Qur'an, have paid special attention to ethics and its components. The study of divine religions, including the religion of Islam, shows the role of morality in various areas of human life. One of the most important issues that is not discussed in ethics but is raised in another science called philosophy of ethics and is one of the so-called affirmative principles of ethics, is the issue of absoluteness and relativity of moral propositions. Beyond putting forth opinions and viewpoints, there have been important theoretical and practical results and implications of this issue, which, including the idea of ​​relativism in ethics, has had dire consequences. The emergence of some moral crises in some human societies is based on the prevalence of this idea. The decline of morality in the present age, to the extent of individual or collective tendencies, agreements and contracts, has led to a commitment to the view of moral relativism. Among the harmful effects of accepting this idea in Islamic societies will be the modernity and relativity of religious propositions (moral propositions) and the denial of the immortality, perfection and finality of Islam. According to this approach, the analysis of the proof of the theory of absolutism from the perspective of religious texts and mainly Quranic verses becomes doubly important and necessary. This issue, with the Qur'anic approach, has not been studied independently by thinkers of Qur'anic sciences and commentators, both Shiites and Sunnis; Of course, some commentators, according to some verses, have entered into this field and have expressed different opinions; But a review of various sources and interpretive texts leads to the conclusion that most of the old and new commentators have not entered into this important issue. In this article, based on some Quranic verses and the views of some commentators, the view of "minimal absolutism in morality" is proved.