A Review of Mineral Fillers in a variety of Polymer Substrates in order to Protective Coating against Ionizing Radiation

In recent years, with the expansion of the diagnostic range of many medical facilities, the likelihood of exposure to X-rays and gamma rays has increased. For this reason, lead aprons have been used to provide X-ray protection and are still widely used for this purpose. Current lead aprons have many problems, such as reduced protection efficiency, increased discomfort, and high weight. Defects in lead aprons, such as cracks and holes, can leak the beam and cause physical injury. In this paper, we investigate why lead is used and find alternative materials for lead in different composites and compare these materials in terms of particle size, radiation intensity, thickness and physical properties. The researchers showed that substituting lead for minerals could lead to lower weight, better biocompatibility and more flexibility. The particle size of the minerals used and the thickness of the protective layer consisting of these materials play an important role in attenuating ionizing radiation.